Whitehead: Christian nationalism wanes, yet political weight grows

Fewer Americans now strongly embrace Christian nationalism, yet the ideology is becoming more central to the nation's political discourse, according to new survey data released today. Andrew Whitehead, a sociology professor at Indiana University Indianapolis and a research fellow at the Charles F. Kettering Foundation, said the shift indicates a complex relationship between religious identity and perceptions of democracy.

The findings come from a joint analysis of Kettering Foundation data and Gallup’s annual national survey of more than 23,000 adults. The research indicates that approximately 14% of the U.S. population strongly embraces Christian nationalism. A slightly larger group, just over 16%, reported being at least sympathetic to the belief that Christianity defines the nation and that the government should actively maintain that status.

Whitehead noted that while the number of strong adherents is declining, the rhetoric has expanded its reach. He observed that fewer Americans hold the view strongly, but it is now more present in national political discussions than in the past. He attributed this visibility to individuals in federal government and media positions who actively use the language of Christian nationalism.

The data reveals distinct demographic patterns. Among white Americans, 31% are at least sympathetic to the ideology. Men show slightly higher support than women, with a third of men and 28% of women expressing sympathy. Political affiliation remains a strong predictor, as 55% of Republicans either strongly embrace or sympathize with Christian nationalism.

Whitehead explained that these religious views correlate with differing assessments of how democracy functions. Those who strongly embrace Christian nationalism tend to report that the system is working well. In contrast, Americans who reject the ideology are far less likely to view democracy positively. Whitehead said these respondents are more concerned about threats to democratic institutions.

This divergence appears to be influencing voter motivation for the upcoming midterm elections. Whitehead stated that the nearly 70% of respondents who resist or reject Christian nationalism are highly motivated to vote. He said this group is driving to the polls specifically to urge Congress to check the power of the executive branch, a check he noted has not been occurring during the first two years of the current administration.

The intersection of religion and politics is also visible on the ballot. While it is more common for Republicans to combine these spheres, five Democrats are running for Congress in this cycle who are clergy or in training to become clergy.